Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common condition that affects many women.
It is a type of vaginal infection that is caused by an overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina.
BV can cause discomfort and irritation, but it is usually not a serious health problem.
Symptoms
The symptoms of bacterial vaginosis can include:
- A strong, fishy odor coming from the vagina
- Vaginal discharge that is thin, white or gray in color
- Itching and burning around the vagina
- Pain during urination or sex
Causes
The exact cause of bacterial vaginosis is unknown, but it is thought to be caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina.
Normally, there are many different types of bacteria in the vagina, but in bacterial vaginosis, there is an overgrowth of one particular type of bacteria, called Gardnerella vaginalis.
Risk Factors
The risk factors for bacterial vaginosis include:
- Having multiple sexual partners
- Douching or using vaginal sprays
- Using an intrauterine device (IUD) for birth control
- Being pregnant
- Smoking
- Having a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
Diagnosis
Bacterial vaginosis can be diagnosed by a healthcare provider through a physical examination and a laboratory test of a vaginal sample. The sample is usually taken using a cotton swab, and the laboratory test can determine the type of bacteria present in the sample.
Treatment
Bacterial vaginosis can be treated with antibiotics, which can be taken orally or applied directly to the vagina in the form of a cream or gel.
It is important to finish the full course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve.
Prevention
There are several things that can be done to prevent bacterial vaginosis:
- Avoid douching or using vaginal sprays
- Use condoms during sex
- Wear cotton underwear and avoid tight-fitting clothing
- Change out of wet clothes as soon as possible
- Quit smoking
- Maintaining good hygiene by washing the genital area with warm water and mild soap
- Eating a healthy diet that is rich in fruits and vegetables
Myths and Facts on Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
Myth: BV is caused by poor hygiene.
BV is caused by an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina and is not related to cleanliness.
FAQs on Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
Can bacterial vaginosis cause infertility?
In rare cases, untreated bacterial vaginosis can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, which can cause infertility.
Is bacterial vaginosis contagious?
Bacterial vaginosis doesn’t spread from person to person, but sexual activity can increase your risk of getting the infection.
